{"id":4942,"date":"2026-06-11T18:31:49","date_gmt":"2026-06-11T10:31:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.opticalcutting.com\/?p=4942"},"modified":"2026-06-11T18:31:49","modified_gmt":"2026-06-11T10:31:49","slug":"san-xuat-quang-hoc-germanium","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.opticalcutting.com\/vi\/san-xuat-quang-hoc-germanium\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Quang h\u1ecdc IR Germanium: Quy tr\u00ecnh Ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh t\u1eeb Tinh th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ed0ng k\u00ednh Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m"},"content":{"rendered":"

S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t quang h\u1ecdc IR b\u1eb1ng Germanium l\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e9p k\u00edn t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c th\u1ecfi tinh th\u1ec3 germanium th\u00f4 th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn quang h\u1ecdc h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u2014 \u1ed1ng k\u00ednh, c\u1eeda s\u1ed5, l\u0103ng k\u00ednh v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc \u2014 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng t\u1eeb 1,8 \u0111\u1ebfn 23 \u03bcm cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh nhi\u1ec7t, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng FLIR v\u00e0 quang ph\u1ed5. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 quang h\u1ecdc th\u1ee7y tinh \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t quang h\u1ecdc IR b\u1eb1ng germanium \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t quy tr\u00ecnh \u1edf m\u1ecdi giai \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u00ec s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a germanium v\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kh\u00fac x\u1ea1 cao (n = 4,003 \u1edf 11 \u03bcm), \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00f2n c\u1ef1c cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y v\u1edbi h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1eaft, m\u00e0i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t quang h\u1ecdc IR b\u1eb1ng germanium, c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng quan tr\u1ecdng \u1edf m\u1ed7i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh xem quang h\u1ecdc ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i m\u00e0 c\u00e1c OEM ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh nhi\u1ec7t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Vimfun
Loop-type diamond wire saw for graphite,optical glass and so on.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t quang h\u1ecdc IR b\u1eb1ng Germanium l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t quang h\u1ecdc IR b\u1eb1ng Germanium bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1eed l\u00fd gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t th\u1ecfi tinh th\u1ec3 germanium th\u00f4 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn quang h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7, ki\u1ec3m tra, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i. Chu\u1ed7i quy tr\u00ecnh bao g\u1ed3m: c\u1eaft th\u1ecfi, c\u1eaft ph\u00f4i, t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong (cho \u1ed1ng k\u00ednh), m\u00e0i, \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng, ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Germanium (Ge) l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng cho quang h\u1ecdc h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i s\u00f3ng d\u00e0i (LWIR) 8\u201312 \u03bcm do ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kh\u00fac x\u1ea1 cao 4,003 \u1edf 11 \u03bcm \u2014 cao nh\u1ea5t trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u IR \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. Theo Knight Optical<\/a>, ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 cao n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u1ed1ng k\u00ednh v\u1edbi \u00edt ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i quang h\u1ecdc ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thay th\u1ebf k\u1ebdm selenide ho\u1eb7c chalcogenide, gi\u1ea3m k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng trong m\u00e1y \u1ea3nh nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 m\u00f4-\u0111un FLIR.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t quang h\u1ecdc IR b\u1eb1ng germanium:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh<\/th>Value<\/th>\u00dd ngh\u0129a s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
D\u1ea3i truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i<\/td>1,8\u201323 \u03bcm<\/td>Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i MWIR v\u00e0 LWIR<\/td><\/tr>
Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kh\u00fac x\u1ea1<\/td>4.003 @ 11 \u03bcm<\/td>Cho ph\u00e9p thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u1ed1ng k\u00ednh nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn<\/td><\/tr>
M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9<\/td>5.33 g\/cm\u00b3<\/td>N\u1eb7ng \u2014 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u g\u00e1 k\u1eb9p \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td><\/tr>
\u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng Knoop<\/td>780<\/td>C\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0ng gi\u00f2n \u2014 r\u1ee7i ro h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/td><\/tr>
\u0110i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y<\/td>937\u00b0C<\/td>Cho ph\u00e9p x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao<\/td><\/tr>
Ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec7t<\/td>Tr\u00ean ~100\u00b0C nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/td>\u0110\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3m \u2014 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Quang h\u1ecdc IR Germanium: Quy tr\u00ecnh t\u1eebng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t quang h\u1ecdc IR germanium tu\u00e2n theo m\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n nh\u1eefng g\u00ec giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp theo c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u1ecf qua ho\u1eb7c v\u1ed9i v\u00e0ng c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1o ra h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1: Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb tinh th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 c\u1eaft ph\u00f4i<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Quy tr\u00ecnh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ecfi gecmani \u0111\u01a1n tinh th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Czochralski (CZ). C\u00e1c th\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eaft b\u1ecf ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111u\u00f4i, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eaft th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ph\u00f4i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a th\u1ea5u k\u00ednh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0 cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0i sau n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn quang h\u1ecdc IR ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, vi\u1ec7c c\u1eaft ph\u00f4i b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y c\u1eaft k\u00ednh germanium<\/a> s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 d\u00e2y kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. C\u1eaft b\u1eb1ng d\u00e2y kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c r\u00e3nh c\u1eaft c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng 0,25\u20130,35 mm \u2014 kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u hao h\u1ee5t so v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u01b0a l\u01b0\u1ee1i ID truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u2014 v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra \u00edt h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u01b0\u1ee1i m\u00e0i m\u00f2n. V\u1edbi nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u gecmani c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 $1.800\u20132.400\/kg, m\u1ed7i ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a milimet hao h\u1ee5t do r\u00e3nh c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec1u mang l\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1eaft ph\u00f4i cho c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn quang h\u1ecdc IR gecmani \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn quang h\u1ecdc<\/th>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ph\u00f4i<\/th>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y ph\u00f4i<\/th>Cutting Method<\/th>Chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng Kerf<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
\u1ed0ng k\u00ednh FLIR (25 mm)<\/td>28\u201330 mm<\/td>5\u20138 mm<\/td>Diamond wire<\/td>0,25\u20130,30 mm<\/td><\/tr>
C\u1eeda s\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7t (50 mm)<\/td>54\u201356 mm<\/td>3\u20135 mm<\/td>Diamond wire<\/td>0,28\u20130,35 mm<\/td><\/tr>
L\u0103ng k\u00ednh ATR<\/td>T\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh<\/td>8\u201315 mm<\/td>Diamond wire<\/td>0.30\u20130.35 mm<\/td><\/tr>
\u1ed0ng k\u00ednh kh\u1ed5 l\u1edbn (100 mm+)<\/td>105\u2013110 mm<\/td>10\u201320 mm<\/td>D\u00e2y kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng \/ c\u01b0a ID<\/td>0,35\u20130,50 mm<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ph\u00f4i \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 germanium lens blank cutting<\/a> hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u2014 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n (TTV 8\u201315 \u03bcm cho ph\u00f4i \u03a650 mm) t\u1eeb m\u00e1y c\u01b0a gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0i ti\u1ebfp theo. \u0110\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t sau khi c\u1eaft t\u1eeb m\u00e1y c\u01b0a d\u00e2y kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng Ra 0.6\u20131.2 \u03bcm, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0i ti\u1ebfp theo m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Vimfun
Loop-type diamond wire saw for graphite,optical glass and so on.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2: T\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong v\u00e0 M\u00e0i th\u00f4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi quang h\u1ecdc ph\u1eb3ng (c\u1eeda s\u1ed5, b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc), ph\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u1ed1ng k\u00ednh, m\u00e1y t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong CNC t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c phi c\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 g\u1eafn kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t quang h\u1ecdc trong ph\u1ea1m vi 5\u201310 \u03bcm c\u1ee7a b\u00e1n k\u00ednh cong cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u 10\u201330 \u03bcm, l\u1edbp n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0i tinh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong:<\/p>\n\n\n\n